Bioremediation of Petroleum Sludge Impacted Soils Using Agro-Waste from Moringa Seed
Useh Mercy Uwem,
Dauda Mary Sunday,
Abdulrahman Funke Wosilat,
Useh Uwem Jonah
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 1, January 2019
Pages:
1-12
Received:
18 December 2018
Accepted:
29 December 2018
Published:
30 January 2019
Abstract: The feasibility of using agricultural waste from drumstick (Moringa Oleifera Lam.) seed as organic fertilizer to remediate petroleum sludge impacted soils within an 8.5 km radius from Warri Refinery and Petrochemical Company (WRPC) in Delta State, Nigeria was studied using standard methods. The experimental set-up was monitored for 90 days at 30 days interval. The total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) contents across the 5 sampling sites(A to E) for day 1 were (293846.00, 4255.87), (123874.00, 2942.04), (97291.00, 1818.38), (87561.23, 928.22), (48063.61, 189.93) (mg/kg) as against the control (651.18, 68.06) (mg/kg) respectively. After treatment with the agro-waste from Moringa seed for 90 days, the TPH and PAH contents from sites A to E degraded to (652.58, 5.66), (520.67, 3.09), (254.32, 4.81), (68.80, 0.48) and (61.29, 1.66) (mg/kg) while the control site exhibited (50.62, 0.46) (mg/kg) respectively as detected via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID). From the Soil Quality Standards (SQSs) conducted after day 30, only the control site was free from the traces of contamination recorded at day 1. SQSs after 60 days indicated that sites D and E were no more contaminated. SQSs conducted after 90 days revealed that all the sites were free from petroleum hydrocarbon contamination. This result indicated that Moringa Oleifera seed cake (MOSC) is a suitable biostimulant for remediation of petroleum sludge impacted soils.
Abstract: The feasibility of using agricultural waste from drumstick (Moringa Oleifera Lam.) seed as organic fertilizer to remediate petroleum sludge impacted soils within an 8.5 km radius from Warri Refinery and Petrochemical Company (WRPC) in Delta State, Nigeria was studied using standard methods. The experimental set-up was monitored for 90 days at 30 da...
Show More
Effects of Temperature Change on the Physico-Chemical Properties of Sesame Seed Oil
Abdul Ademola Olaleye,
Yahaya Alhaji Adamu,
Umar Lawan
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 1, January 2019
Pages:
13-20
Received:
22 January 2019
Accepted:
26 February 2019
Published:
1 April 2019
Abstract: Heating is one of the most commonly used methods of food preparation in homes and industries and prolong use of oil for this purpose causes changes in its physical and chemical properties. The effects of changing temperature on various chemical and physical characteristics of sesame seed oil were studied. The oil was extracted using soxhlet apparatus with n-hexane as extraction solvent. The seeds of sesame (Sesamumindicum) were found to have high oil content. Both the chemical and physical characteristics were investigated within a temperature range of 25-290°C. At room temperature (25°C), the results revealed the chemical characteristics as follows: acid value (AV) (5.61mg/g); peroxide value (PV) (4.42 Meq/kg); free fatty acid (FFA) (5.89%). The physical characteristics were: moisture content (MC) (5.50%); density (0.99g/cm3); refractive index (RI) (1.47). At elevated range of temperatures (170-290°C), there were corresponding changes in both chemical and physical parameters as follows: AV (5.61-5.91mg/g); PV (4.44-6.05 Meq/kg); FFA (5.91-6.06%); MC (3.98-0.71%); density (0.95-0.69g/cm3); RI (1.46-1.40). The study showed that there was gradual increase in chemical properties with increase in temperature whereas, the physical properties decreased gradually with increase in temperature.
Abstract: Heating is one of the most commonly used methods of food preparation in homes and industries and prolong use of oil for this purpose causes changes in its physical and chemical properties. The effects of changing temperature on various chemical and physical characteristics of sesame seed oil were studied. The oil was extracted using soxhlet apparat...
Show More
To Explore the Bleaching Effect of Chlorine Water
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 1, January 2019
Pages:
21-26
Received:
9 January 2019
Accepted:
19 February 2019
Published:
3 April 2019
Abstract: In this paper, first of all, based on the chemical process of chlorine water system in-depth comprehensive analysis, aims to clear the chlorine water is composed of a variety of molecules, ions and free radicals in the complex redox system; secondly, we designed six experiments for scientific inquiry on chlorine bleaching effect under the different conditions, and give a reasonable explanation for the experimental results; finally, scientifically summed up the bleaching effect of chlorine water is a process of multiple components of synergy, many influence factors, but the "hero" is still the hypochlorous acid, the chemical principle and bleaching effect of hypochlorous acid to give a scientific explanationand and give a scientific explanation of the chemical principle of bleaching. The research methods are as follows: Contrastive experimental analysis method; Research purposes: Explain the principle and essence of Chlorine bleaching, and further clarify people's vague or even wrong understanding of Chlorine bleaching. Results and conclusions: The bleaching of chlorine water is a very complex physicochemical process with many influencing factors. The structure and properties of Hypochlorous Acid play a decisive role.
Abstract: In this paper, first of all, based on the chemical process of chlorine water system in-depth comprehensive analysis, aims to clear the chlorine water is composed of a variety of molecules, ions and free radicals in the complex redox system; secondly, we designed six experiments for scientific inquiry on chlorine bleaching effect under the different...
Show More
) and ferric reducing; ‘Feizixiao’ exhibited the highest scavenging capacity on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH·), hydroxyl radical (·OH) and lipid peroxidation, however, ‘Guiwei’ possessed the highest value of antioxidant activity based on β-carotene bleaching and ferrous chelating assay. Furthermore, the compositions of LPPC suggested positive correlations with their antioxidant activities significantly.